Preheat the oven to 350°F. Grease a 9x5-inch loaf pan.
In a small bowl, stir together the granulated sugar and cinnamon for the swirl. Set aside.
In a large bowl, whisk together the melted butter, brown sugar, eggs, sour cream, and vanilla until smooth and glossy.
In a separate bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, and salt. Fold into the wet mixture just until no dry streaks remain.
Toss the diced apples with 1 tablespoon of the measured flour, then fold gently into the batter.
Pour half the batter into the prepared pan. Sprinkle half the cinnamon sugar swirl mixture over the top. Add the remaining batter, then the remaining swirl mixture. Drag a butter knife through the top in a loose zigzag to marble.
Bake for 55–65 minutes, until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out with a few moist crumbs.
Cool in the pan for 15 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely before slicing.